rohit bejjala upsc notes

Chronology of Modern Indian History (1500–1947) with Reasons 📜 This table provides key events along with the reasons behind them. 🔹 16th Century (1500–1599) Year Event Reason 1498 Vasco da Gama arrives in Calicut European search for new trade routes to India, bypassing Arab traders 1526 First Battle of Panipat – Babur defeats Ibrahim Lodi Weakness of Delhi Sultanate, Babur's superior artillery 1556 Second Battle of Panipat – Akbar defeats Hemu Akbar's strategy and superior military tactics 1576 Battle of Haldighati – Akbar vs. Maharana Pratap Akbar's expansionist policy, resistance by Rajputs 1582 Akbar introduces Din-i-Ilahi Religious tolerance, effort to create a unified empire 🔹 17th Century (1600–1699) Year Event Reason 1600 East India Company (EIC) established British interest in Indian trade (spices, textiles) 1615 Sir Thomas Roe secures trade rights Mughal wealth attracted European traders 1658 Aura...

 ============================================================= Summary: Evolution of Landforms 🌍 ======================================== Weathering & Erosion 🌧️ Weathering breaks down earth materials. Geomorphic agents (running water, groundwater, wind, glaciers, waves) cause erosion. Erosion reshapes the earth’s surface. Deposition & Surface Changes 🏞️ Deposition follows erosion. Both erosion and deposition contribute to landform changes. Definition of Landforms & Landscapes 🏔️ Landforms : Small to medium parts of the earth’s surface. Landscapes : Collection of related landforms forming large surface areas. Formation & Evolution of Landforms ⏳ Formed by geomorphic agents and processes. Changes occur due to slow or rapid natural forces. Influenced by climate and landmass movements. Landforms evolve over time (youth, mature, old age). Two Important Aspects of Landform Evolution 🔄 Transformation of one landform into anoth...