NCERT BASIC summaries

 Here's the tabular representation of the given text, focusing on places, animals, lifestyle, and key concepts:

Human Environment – Settlement, Transport, and Communication

Category Details
Early Settlements - Early humans lived on trees and in caves 🌲🏕️- Permanent settlements developed near river valleys for water and fertile land 🌊🌾
Civilizations Near Rivers

- Indus River – Indus Valley Civilization 🏺- Tigris River – Mesopotamian Civilization 🌍- Nile River – Egyptian Civilization ⛵- Hwang-He River – Chinese Civilization 🏯
Types of Settlements - Temporary settlements – Found in forests, deserts, mountains 🌲🏜️🏔️- Permanent settlements – Majority of settlements today 🏠
Lifestyle in Different Climates - Heavy rainfall areas – Houses with slanting roofs 🌧️🏡- Flood-prone areas – Houses on stilts/raised platforms 🏠🌊- Hot climates – Mud-walled houses with thatched roofs ☀️🏠- Cold regions – Igloos made of ice ❄️🏠
Occupations in Rural & Urban Areas - Rural Areas – Agriculture, fishing, forestry, crafts, and trading 🌾🐟🛠️- Urban Areas – Manufacturing, trade, and services 🏢💼
Modes of Transport - Early Transport – Walking, animal carts 🐎🛷-
Modern Transport – Railways, roadways, waterways, airways 🚂🛣️🚢✈️
Animals Used for Transport - India – Donkeys, mules, bullocks, camels 🐴🐂🐫- South America (Andes Mountains) – Llamas 🦙- Tibet – Yaks 🐃
Famous Railways - Trans-Siberian Railway – Longest railway (St. Petersburg to Vladivostok) 🚂🌍-
Indian Railway Network – Largest in Asia 🇮🇳🚆
xing to lhasa runs 4000m above the sea level (5072 m )
Important Waterways - Ganga-Brahmaputra River System (India)
🚢- Great Lakes (North America) 🌊-
River Nile (Africa) ⛵
Major Sea Ports - Asia – Singapore, Mumbai 🚢-
North America – New York, Los Angeles
🌍- South America – Rio de Janeiro
🌊- Africa – Durban, Cape Town 🌍
- Australia – Sydney 🏝️-
Europe – London, Rotterdam 🇬🇧🇳🇱
Important Airports - Delhi, Mumbai (India) ✈️- New York (USA) 🌎- London (UK) 🇬🇧- Paris (France)
🇫🇷- Frankfurt (Germany)
 🇩🇪- Cairo (Egypt) 🇪🇬
Communication - Traditional Communication – Letters, newspapers, radios 📜📻- Modern Communication – Telephones, mobile phones 📱- Digital Revolution – Internet, satellites, emails, TV, mass media 🌐📡
Technological Developments - Expressways in India – Golden Quadrilateral (Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata) 🛣️-
Xining-Lhasa Train – Runs at 4,000m altitude (Highest at 5,072m) 🚆🏔️


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